CCTV Glossary
Cascadia Video Products LLC
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B-ISDN - Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network. An improved ISDN, composed of an
intelligent combination of more ISDN channels into one that can transmit more data per second.
Bit - A contraction of binary digit. Elementary digital information that can only be 0 or 1. The
smallest part of information in a binary notation system. A bit is a single 1 or 0. A group of bits,
such as 8 bits or 16 bits, compose a byte. The number of bits in a byte depends on the
processing system being used. Typical byte sizes are 8, 16 and 32.
Bitmap (BMP) - A pixel-by-pixel description of an image. Each pixel is a separate element. Also
a computer file format.
Bit rate - Bps = Bytes per second, bps = bits per second. The digital equivalent of bandwidth,
bit rate is measured in bits per second. It is used to express the rate at which the compressed
bitstream is transmitted. The higher the bit rate, the more information that can be carried.
Blackburst (color-black) - A composite color video signal. The signal has composite sync,
reference burst and a black video signal, which is usually at a level of 7.5 IRE (50 mV) above the
blanking level.
Black level - A part of the video signal, close to the sync level, but slightly above it (usually 20 mV
- 50 mV) in order to be distinguished from the blanking level. It electronically represents the black
part of an image, whereas the white part is equivalent to 0.7 V from the sync level.
Blanking level - The beginning of the video signal information in the signal’s waveform. It resides
at a reference point taken as 0 V, which is 300 mV above the lowest part of the sync pulses. Also
known as pedestal, the level of a video signal that separates the range that contains the picture
information from the range that contains the synchronizing information.
Blooming - The defocusing of regions of a picture where brightness is excessive.
BNC - BNC stands for Bayonet-Neil-Concelman connector, and it is the most popular connector in
CCTV and broadcast TV for transmitting a basic bandwidth video signal over a coaxial cable.
B-picture - Bi-directionally predictive coded picture; an MPEG term for a picture that is coded
using motion compensated prediction from a past and/or future reference picture.
Braid -A group of textile or metallic filaments interwoven to form a tubular structure that may be
applied over one or more wires or flattened to form a strap.
Brightness - In NTSC and PAL video signals, the brightness information at any particular instant in
a picture is conveyed by the corresponding instantaneous DC level of active video. Brightness
control is an adjustment of setup (black level, black reference).
Burst (color burst) - Seven to nine cycles (NTSC) or ten cycles (PAL) of sub-carrier placed near
the end of horizontal blanking to serve as the phase (color) reference for the modulated color sub-
carrier. Burst serves as the reference for establishing the picture color.
Bus - In computer architecture, a path over which information travels internally among various
components of a system and is available to each of the components.
Byte - A digital word made of 8 bits (zeros and ones).
(8 strony)
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